best chimney design for a steep pitch

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Yes they are permitted in Canada. ICC Excel makes a 45 for there.
EXCEL 45° elbows are certified to ULC S629 only.

[Hearth.com] best chimney design for a steep pitch
 
Elbows can be equated to a certain amount of straight, right? Like one 30deg equals xx amount of straight vertical. It would be interesting to get a plan of the layout, proposed vertical to get plus 2 above the peak, and subtract any elbows, to see if it even pans out overall. The house is supposedly small - equals shorter chimney to begin with.
 
The resistance created by a 30º angle is not that bad because the offset is still going up at a sharp angle. It's nothing like a 90º turn where the smoke has to travel horizontally for XX distance.
 
You are not allowed to use 45s for solid fuel. 15 or 30 only. If they make 45s they are only for oil or gas
... in the United States.